The Retiro Park or Buen Retiro Park, popularly known as El Retiro, is a historic garden and public park located in Madrid (Spain).
Considered one of the main tourist attractions of the city, it houses numerous architectural, sculptural and landscape ensembles from the 17th to 21st centuries, among which the Monument to Alfonso XII, the Crystal Palace, the Grande Pond, the Parterre, the Puerta de Felipe IV, the Royal Astronomical Observatory and the source of the Artichoke; and even earlier, such as the hermitage of San Pelayo and San Isidoro, of Romanesque origin.
It was built in the first half of the seventeenth century within the landscaping project developed for the Buen Retiro Palace, an old royal possession created by the Count-Duke of Olivares (1587-1645) for the enjoyment of Felipe IV (1605-1665) ,  of whom was its valid.
Its use as an urban park dates back to 1767, the year in which Carlos III (1716-1788) allowed the public to enter for recreational purposes and, definitively, from 1868, when it came under the ownership of the Madrid City Council.
It is protected as an Asset of Cultural Interest (BIC), a legal figure that every declaration of a historic garden holds in Spanish regulations. Within its limits there are more than 19,000 trees, representative of 167 species, of which include six specimens included in the list of singular trees of the Community of Madrid.